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Suicide remains to be one of the leading causes of death amongst young people worldwide. Help-seeking, however, remains disproportionately suboptimal in the youth population. Identifying more effective and less stigmatizing markers of suicidal ideation and behaviours can be important for improving early engagement and intervention work. We therefore examined the prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt in a large epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong (n = 2540) during the period of 2019-2021, as well as the factors associated with each of these outcomes using separate multivariable logistic regression models. In this sample, the 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt was 20.0%, 4.6%, and 1.3%, respectively. In particular, we found 'suicide-related rumination' to be amongst the only factor that was significant for all three outcomes (p < .010). Using a two-stage approach (i.e., selecting only those with suicidal ideation), we found that suicide-related rumination, poorer cognitive ability, and 12-month major depressive episode were specifically associated with 12-month suicide plan, while environmental factors, including COVID-19 stressors, personal life stressors, poorer family relationships, as well as non-suicidal selfharm, were specifically associated with 12-month suicide attempt. A two-stage approach should be considered in future interventions targeting youth suicide. Suicide-related rumination may be an important marker of overall suicidal risk. The role of environmental stressors in addition to intrinsic vulnerability also need to be emphasized to best support young people at risk.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly changed education and caused unprecedented disruptions. These changes may disappear once the schools resume face-to-face classes in full force. Likewise, a positive change may not be necessarily what we want in education. This may be due to the existence of digital divide among students which cannot be ignored. During the COVID-19 pandemic, OneNote Class Notebook is used as an interactive digital whiteboard and has been evident as one of the best alternatives to the traditional whiteboard in the teaching and learning process. In this study, we aim to analyze students' perceptions of OneNote Class Notebook and the level of their continuous intention to use OneNote Class Notebook as an interactive digital whiteboard to replace the traditional whiteboard when school reopens with face-to-face lessons in the classroom in full force. The findings show that the students perceived that OneNote Class Notebook is indeed a useful tool to be used for calculus learning. But, it cannot be perceived as suitability to continue to be used during post COVID-19 period, when school reopens with physical classes in full force. In this regard, it reminds educators of the importance of rethinking education in the new normal post COVID-19 era from the perspective of curriculum studies. © 2023 IEEE.
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Introduction: Combination of daratumumab (Dara) and lenalidomide (Len) may enhance the function of teclistamab (Tec), potentially resulting in improved antimyeloma activity in a broader population. We present initial safety and efficacy data of Tec-Dara- Len combination in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in a phase 1b study (MajesTEC-2;NCT04722146). Method(s): Eligible patients who received 1-3 prior lines of therapy (LOT), including a proteasome inhibitor and immune-modulatory drug, were given weekly doses of Tec (0.72-or- 1.5 mg/kg with step-up dosing) + Dara 1800 mg + Len 25 mg. Responses per International Myeloma Working Group criteria, adverse events (Aes) per CTCAE v5.0, and for cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) per ASTCT guidelines, were assessed. Result(s): 32 patients received Tec-Dara- Len (0.72 mg/kg, n = 13;1.5 mg/kg, n = 19). At data cut-off (11 July 2022), median follow-up (range) was 5.78 months (1.0-10.4) and median treatment duration was 4.98 months (0.10-10.35). Median age was 62 years (38-75);87.5% were male. Median prior LOT was 2 (1-3), 18.8% were refractory to Dara and 28.1% refractory to Len. CRS was most frequent AE (81.3% [n = 26], all grade 1/2), 95% occurred during cycle1. Median time to onset was 2 days (1-8), median duration was 2 days (1-22). No ICANS were reported. Frequent Aes (>=25.0% across both dose levels) were neutropenia (75.0% [n = 24];grade 3/4: 68.8% [n = 22]), fatigue (43.8% [n = 14];grade 3/4: 6.3% [n = 2]), diarrhoea (37.5% [n = 12];all grade 1/2), insomnia (31.3% [n = 10];grade 3/4: 3.1% [n = 1]), cough (28.1% [n = 9];all grade 1/2), hypophosphatemia (25.0% [n = 8];all grade 1/2), and pyrexia (25% [n = 8];grade 3/4: 6.3% [n = 2]). Febrile neutropenia frequency was 12.5% (n = 4). Infections occurred in 24 patients (75.0%;grade 3/4: 28.1% [n = 9]). Most common were upper respiratory infection (21.9% [n = 7]), COVID-19 (21.9% [n = 7]), and pneumonia (21.9% [n = 7]). Three (9.4%) had COVID-19 pneumonia. One (3.1%) discontinued due to COVID-19 infection and this patient subsequently died of this infection. Overall response rate (ORR, median follow-up) was 13/13 (8.61 months) at 0.72 mg/kg and 13/16 evaluable patients (less mature at 4.17 months) at 1.5 mg/kg. 12 patients attained very good/better partial response at 0.72 mg/kg dose, and response was not mature for 1.5 mg/kg group. Median time to first response was 1.0 month (0.7-2.0). Preliminary pharmacokinetic concentrations of Tec-Dara- Len were similar as seen with Tec monotherapy. Tec-Dara- Len- treatment led to proinflammatory cytokine production and T-cell activation. Conclusion(s): The combination of Tec-Dara- Len has no new safety signals beyond those seen with Tec or Dara-Len individually. Promising ORR supports the potential for this combination to have enhanced early disease control through the addition of Tec. These data warrant further investigation.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for higher education institutions to modernize and embrace the post-digital age. This study evaluates students' perspectives of utilizing MS Teams as a means of facilitating remote learning during the pandemic. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was employed as the theoretical framework to examine students' views on self-efficacy, facilitating conditions, ease of use, usefulness, and intention to use. The results showcase positive views of MS Teams, with self-efficacy rated the highest among the five constructs, followed by ease of use, facilitating conditions, intention to use, and usefulness. Additionally, no significant differences were found in students' perceptions based on gender. MS Teams has proven to be a successful platform for delivering online learning and communicating, bridging the divide of distance and time in teaching and learning. As discussions about the future of higher education in the post-pandemic world have commenced among academia and university officials, it is crucial to consider the impact of COVID-19 on student learning and provide suggestions for a more sustainable and effective post-pandemic education. © 2023 IEEE.
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Intro: It is hypothesized that metagenomics could contribute to the effective sentinel surveillance of emerging infections to identify plausible cause of respiratory symptoms in the population. Method(s): This study forms part of a longitudinal household cohort study involving the collection of respiratory symptoms and vaccination history in Hong Kong. As a pilot, selected households were provided with swab collection kit for collecting nasopharyngeal and throat samples when there was an influenza-like illness (ILI) during a 4-month presumptive period of the year's winter influenza season. Sequence-Independent Single Primer Amplification (SISPA) and nanopore metagenomic sequencing were performed. After basecalling, demultiplexing, and quality filtering, taxonomic classification was done. Unclassified and host reads were removed and only taxon with over 0.1% abundance were included in the analysis. Finding(s): Between December 2021 and April 2022, of 101 collection kits delivered, 36 (36%) participants returned the samples. Two (6%) had previous COVID-19 diagnosis and almost all (97%) received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Metagenomics sequencing was performed on 13 samples collected from participants when ILI was present. Of the 1,592,219 reads obtained, 5308 taxa were identified and 136 had over 0.1% abundance, including 128 bacteria, 6 fungi, and 1 virus, which was a bacteriophage. The five most abundant genera of bacteria included Neisseria (19%), Streptococcus (10%), Haemophilus (9%), Veillonella (3%), and Rothia (3%). Haemophilus parainfluenzae was the most abundant species with 97,542 (6%) reads, followed by Neisseria meningitides (5%). Other bacteria identified included Rothia mucilaginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Lautropia mirabilis, Veillonella atypica, Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus pneumonia. Inter-participant abundance profile was significantly different (p<0.001). Conclusion(s): The absence of viral infections identified echoed the extremely low proportion (3/21986, or 0.01%) of respiratory specimens testing positive for influenza virus by the government laboratory during the same period. The metagenomic profile could be useful for identifying the likely ILI-causing pathogen.Copyright © 2023
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Intro: SARS-CoV-2 infection primarily affects the respiratory system. However, other organ systems may also be involved, leading to acute and chronic sequelae. Among other post-acute sequelae, incident diabetes is also being assessed but population-based evidence is still sparse. We evaluated the association between COVID-19 infection including severity of infection and diabetes incidence using population-based registries and datasets. Method(s): We conducted a population-based matched retrospective cohort study using data from the BC COVID-19 Cohort. The exposure was SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the primary outcome was incident diabetes identified >30 days after the specimen collection-date for COVID-19 test. We performed multivariable Cox proportional hazard modeling to assess the effect of COVID-19 infection and disease severity on diabetes. Stratified analyses were performed to evaluate the effect modification of SARS-CoV-2 infection on diabetes risk. Finally, we computed, the confounder-adjusted population attributable fraction from the Cox models Findings: During the median follow-up of 257 days, 608 (0.5%) events were observed among exposed and 1,864 (0.4%) among unexposed. Incident-diabetes rate/100,000 person-years was significantly higher among the exposed group vs. unexposed group (672.2 vs 508.7 respectively). The risk of incident diabetes was higher among those with COVID-19 infection (HR=1.16, 95% CI:1.06-1.28), and among males (aHR=1.22, 95%CI:1.06-1.40). The risk of diabetes was much higher among people with more severe disease (HRICU=3.32, 95%CI:1.99 - 5.54;HRhospitalized=1.97, 95%CI:1.33 - 2.93). Conclusion(s): SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with higher risk of diabetes overall and among males. Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with higher risk of diabetes among both males and females. Furthermore, infection with SARS-CoV-2 could contribute to 3-5% increase in burden of diabetes, which will result in substantial number of diabetes cases with impact on healthcare needs for management of diabetes and its complications in addition to health of affected population.Copyright © 2023
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Online homework has been emerging with the popularity of online learning. The significance of online homework has been recognised, especially during the outbreak of COVID-19. Although it is regarded as one homework format, studies explicitly targeted at online homework are limited till now, particularly in student interest. As interest is defined as the driver of student learning, it is important to explore the factors influencing student interest in online homework to promote this technology use. Thus, a systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify studies on student interest in online homework with the guide of PRISMA. Based on 23 selected studies, this study unveiled the included studies' characteristics and the informed factors influencing student interest in the online homework system or the homework assigned or completed online. The findings of this study showed that background variables, adult guidance and monitoring, and the role of students in the process impact student interest in online homework. As online homework is delivered via technology, other factors, such as content design, the ability of technology use and homework submission methods, are also associated with student interest in online homework. Relevant educational implications are elaborated. Further studies and limitations are also included in this study. © The Author(s).
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We thank the seven scholars who have provided commentaries to our paper on the Interest-Driven Creator (IDC) experimental school in Taiwan. We provide replies to their commentaries in the interest of continuing the productive discussions that we hope to see in the further pursuance and refinement of the IDC theories. We also use the opportunity here to provide replies to the commentaries written by Dillenbourg et al. (2019) and Roschelle and Burke (2019), specifically written for the original IDC paper (Chan et al., 2018). © The Author(s). 2023.
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Background: We sought to assess the anxiety and depression scores of pregnant women in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the impact of demographic, economic and social factors on these scores. Method(s): This was part of an ongoing worldwide cross-sectional study conducted from 22 May 2020 to 28 February 2021. Data were collected through an anonymous web-based survey. The severity of depression and anxiety was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) score, respectively. Result(s): A total of 361 participants completed both the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 questionnaires. Participants with psychiatric illness reported a significant higher median GAD-7 score (6.00, interquartile range [IQR] 3.00-7.75 vs. 2.00, IQR 0.00-6.00, p = 0.001), while the median PHQ-9 score was also higher but was not statistically significant (6.50, IQR 3.00-11.00 vs. 5.00, IQR 3.00-8.00, p = 0.066). A higher proportion of participants with psychiatric illness reported moderate-severe depression and anxiety (35.7% vs. 16.5%, p = 0.002, 17.8% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001 respectively). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that financial difficulty, in education and pregnancy by in-vitro fertilization were associated with a higher PHQ-9 score in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, while underlying psychiatric illness was associated with a higher GAD-7 score. Support from a partner was demonstrated to be associated with a reduced level of depression and anxiety in pregnancy. Conclusion(s): Pregnant women with underlying psychiatric illness were more vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemics than the non-psychiatric counterparts. Partner support is important for alleviating depression and anxiety in pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical Trial Registration: The study was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, registration number NCT04377412.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s).
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Due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Malaysian government has announced Movement Control Order (MCO) for the safety of the nation. Based on the latest data from UNESCO (2020), this measure has impacted over 7.9 million of learners in Malaysia. Subsequently, teachers in Malaysia are facing challenges to continue providing quality education to students due to the pandemic. Google Classroom was introduced after the termination of Frog VLE in Malaysia. However, the researcher found that implementing Google Classroom via online teaching and learning is ineffective compared to the face-to-face method. Hence, this study aimed to explore why Malaysian teachers face challenges in teaching and learning. The study employed a qualitative study using a semi-structured interview. The participants of this study were five teachers from different secondary schools in Selangor, Malaysia. Purposive sampling was adopted in this study with two criteria. The first criterion is that participants need to have experience in using Google Classroom in teaching and learning regardless of any subjects' while the second is that participants need at least five years of teaching experience in secondary school. As a result, a total of four themes were categorised. This research finding would offer insights to educational stakeholders and school administrators to improve the integration of Google Classroom in teaching and learning. Recommendations were generalisability and suggestions to the future researcher to explore ways to overcome the challenges faced by secondary school teachers. © ICCE 2022.All rights reserved.
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Purpose: This paper aims to examine the housing market responses to two outbreaks of respiratory diseases in Hong Kong during the Information Era – the 2003 SARS and COVID-19 outbreaks. Design/methodology/approach: The authors first investigate the aggregate housing price changes during SARS and COVID-19. Next, the authors conduct a battery of univariate analyses pertaining to the relationship between district-level housing price movements and geographic and demographic patterns during the pandemic periods. Finally, to shed light on the housing price dynamics at the micro level, the authors conduct an estate-level analysis with the data of 234 residential estates from 2003 to 2020, focusing on the impacts of SARS and COVID-19 on the idiosyncratic volatility of residential estates. Findings: Overall, SARS and COVID-19 outbreaks are negatively associated with housing prices. However, unlike SARS, the impact of COVID-19 on housing prices was moderate and transient. The geographic imbalances of the epidemic-induced underperformance are observed at the district and estate levels. Finally, the estate-level analysis presented in this paper indicates that the average idiosyncratic volatility of residential estates is 1.5% higher during the SARS period but 3.7% lower during the COVID-19 period. Lower volatility during COVID-19 is likely explained by household learning from the SARS period. Practical implications: Regulators and investors could resort to efficient information disclosure to attenuate idiosyncratic volatility's adverse impact on housing market returns. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, the authors are among the first to examine housing market responses to the 2003 SARS and COVID-19 outbreaks using the Hong Kong housing market as a laboratory. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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The volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) world and IR4.0 developments forces drastic changes to sustain and provide quality education. When schools were shut down abruptly due to COVID-19, teachers were forced into emergency remote teaching, mostly by utilizing technologies but with little to no specific structure. In Malaysia, studies found that teachers struggled with technology ability especially in mastering technology applications. Due to limited experience in preparing electronic materials and using online platforms, teachers took the time to deliberate on the ways to teach online, causing delays in learning. Delays can be mitigated if teachers are agile. Agile teachers are capable to deal with new experience flexibly and rapidly by trying new behaviors and making quick adjustments so that new learning can be realized even when they do not know exactly what to do when they face unexpected challenges. This quality in teachers is important to curb learning loss especially when education was threatened by COVID-19. Reciprocally, technology plays an important role to promote Learning Agility among teachers, ensure sustainability and quality of learning, and forge learners' engagement. With the exponential use of technologies, teachers need to be an agile classroom leader. This study aims at identifying the dimensions that shape teachers' Digital Learning Agility. We hoped that this proposed research can shed insights on digital learning agility and can improve teachers' performance especially in the age of exponential technology use. © ICCE 2022.All rights reserved.
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Background: The effects of immunosuppressive medications on immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have been reported. However there is little data on immune responses in naturally infected SARS-CoV-2 patients compared with vaccination. We compared in a longitudinal study SARS-CoV-2 antibody and T cell responses in naturally-infected vs. vaccinated IBD patients Methods: 110 IBD patients enrolled at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai were prospectively followed with serial blood collection between May 2020, and February 2022. Samples were screened by ELISA to determine seropositivity, and stratified by infection, vaccination status, and IBD medications. Subsequently, ELISA-based inhibition assay and pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 microneutralization assays were used to determine the inhibition and neutralization capacity of the seropositive individuals for wild type (WT) delta variant (Dv) and Omicron. Cellular responses were measured by IFN-gamma ELIspot using nucleocapsid and spike peptide libraries Results: Overall, 64 patients had Crohn's Disease and 46 had Ulcerative Colitis (UC), 69 were naturally infected. Only Anti-TNF (N=52), Ustekinumab (N=16), and Vedolizumab (VDZ) (N=33) treatment groups were considered. Only US-available vaccinations were included. Double-vaccinated IBD patients showed greater neutralizing responses to SARS-CoV-2 WT and Dv than naturally-infected individuals (p=0.0003, p=0.0025). Moreover, double-vaccinated individuals had greater neutralizing reactions against WT than DV (p 0.017) and Omicron (p 0.001) variants. Following natural infection, there were no differences between treatment groups in neutralization response, however those double-vaccinated on anti-TNF had lower neutralization than VDZ (p=0.008). Neutralization responses were maintained for a period of 8 months following natural infection and double vaccination SARS-CoV-2 spike T cell responses were significantly higher in naturally infected (p=0.009) and double vaccinated individuals (p=0.005) with no significant differences between treatment groups (p<0.999) Conclusion(s): After a second vaccine dose, IBD patients showed stronger neutralizing antibody titers than naturally infected patients. Those on anti-TNF exhibited lower neutralizing responses than VDZ. T-cell responses were similar in infected and double-vaccinated subjects after vaccination or infection. These data imply COVID-19 immunization provides additional serological protection over natural infection.
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To better understand English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers' voices in online English teaching in China, a qualitative case study was carried out by analyzing semi-interviews, and in-depth data of six EFL teachers from a central Chinese university. With thematic analysis, seven themes emerged, including the choices of teaching platforms or Apps, the negative attitude, the preparation for online teaching, teaching design, teaching assessment, advantages, and challenges. Overall, the study contributed to the existing knowledge of online language teaching theoretically and practically by providing a Chinese contextual phenomenon of EFL teaching. © ICCE 2022.All rights reserved.
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Due to the advent of the industrial revolution 4.0, there is now a crucial need for teachers to ensure that pupils are both skilled in English and technologically savvy. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of social networking sites (SNSs) has become compulsory. Their use has influenced the education system, which has embraced online learning. By implementing SNSs, English teachers have provided pupils with ample opportunities to learn, apply and produce knowledge, rather than simply to regurgitate it. As such, this literature review was conducted to study and summarise English teachers' perceptions of the use of SNSs in terms of their level of effectiveness, the degree to which they motivate pupils and how difficult they are to implement for teaching English. This review also sheds light on English teachers' willingness and readiness to use SNSs. The review synthesizes a total of 35 articles from 2018 to 2022, and it demonstrates that teachers feel positive about implementing SNSs in their English classrooms;according to the teachers studied, these platforms provide more advantages than disadvantages and are able to impressively enhance pupils' proficiency. This review contributes to the body of knowledge on new teaching methodologies by revealing the latest trends regarding teachers' perceptions of the use of SNSs for the teaching and learning of English. © 2023 ACADEMY PUBLICATION.
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This study explores students' preferences for the various online learning activities that leveraged digital learning tools. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 23 education major students who learned online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Students found the multimodal activities effective in making them stay focused, engaged and acquire new knowledge and skills at a deeper level. © ICCE 2022.All rights reserved.
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The trends and future needs of postgraduate programmes have recently been widely discussed across various disciplines of studies especially during and post pandemic. During this period, due to the life challenges posed by the pandemic such as unemployment and businesses closing, students have realised the importance of continuing their tertiary studies to a higher level. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between demographic factors such as age, gender with variables such as willingness to study, study mode preferred, and study schedule preferred for the Postgraduate programmes. A total of 200 set of questionnaires were sent out and 139 questionnaires were returned and good for analysis. The data analysis method used was descriptive analysis and linear regression method was employed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The results demonstrated that age has a significant relationship with the willingness to study postgraduate programmes, study mode preferred, and study schedule. This means that adult students tend to make the decision to continue their tertiary study. Meanwhile, it was found that there was no relationship between gender and the variables. By applying these results in practice, the organisations can plan and roll out strategically their postgraduate programmes strategies in accordance with the respondents' needs. © School of Engineering, Taylor's University.
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The primary aim of this study is to determine the purpose of social networking sites (SNS) usage and the severity of psychological distress among university students after experiencing a prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A total of 112 university students completed the questionnaire adapted from the Social Networking Usage Questionnaire (SNUQ) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 items (DASS-21). Descriptive results showed that the university students use SNS actively for entertainment purposes, followed by academic, social, and information purposes. The students also suffered from immense psychological distress, with anxiety being the highest, followed by depression and stress. The results indicated the potential of integrating SNS in instruction and urgency in resolving the critical psychological distress issue among university students. © ICCE 2022.All rights reserved.
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BACKGROUND: Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) among older adults in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), and this contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study was to determine the antibiotic prescribing rate for RTIs among LTCF residents, and to analyse the antibiotic consumption patterns with the AwaRe monitoring tool, developed by the World Health Organization. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from inception to March 2022. Original articles reporting antibiotic use for RTIs in LTCFs were included in this review. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Prevalence Data. A random-effects meta-analysis was employed to calculate the pooled estimates. Subgroup analysis was conducted by type of RTI, country, and study start year. RESULTS: In total, 47 articles consisting of 50 studies were included. The antibiotic prescribing rate ranged from 21.5% to 100% (pooled estimate 69.8%, 95% confidence interval 55.2-82.6%). The antibiotic prescribing rate for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) was higher than the rates for viral and general RTIs. Compared with Italy, France and the USA, the Netherlands had lower antibiotic use for LRTIs. A proportion of viral RTIs were treated with antibiotics, and all the antibiotics were from the Watch group. Use of antibiotics in the Access group was higher in the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland and Slovenia compared with the USA and Australia. CONCLUSION: The antibiotic prescribing rate for RTIs in LTCFs was high, and AWaRe antibiotic use patterns varied by type of RTI and country. Improving antibiotic use may require coordination efforts.